Why Install a Rainwater Harvesting System?
As the effects of climate change intensify, water is becoming an increasingly precious resource. This is why many gardens are transforming to include plants that are adapted to warmer climates and drier soils, reducing their water needs. By installing a rainwater harvesting system, you can both preserve the water resource and save money, as treated potable water becomes more expensive.
Choosing the Right Size Rainwater Harvesting System
Determining the size of the rainwater harvesting system you need is the first step. While there are a variety of shapes, colors, and styles available, they all come in different capacities. If you have the opportunity to build your house, you can have an underground cistern installed, which can collect all the water from the gutters and provide water for toilets and even the washing machine.
For most houses, surface rainwater harvesting systems are more suitable. These can be installed at the base of the house, at the end of a downspout. To estimate the recoverable volume for your garden irrigation, you can calculate the average annual rainfall in your area, the surface area of your roof that will feed into the system, and take into account an estimated 10% evaporation rate.
Choosing the Right Rainwater Harvesting System Model
There are various types of rainwater harvesting systems available in the market. You can choose a basic above-ground system that is easy to install and can be placed or hung according to your specific needs. Alternatively, larger underground models are suitable for houses with extensive gardens that require a greater water supply.
If you prefer a DIY approach, you can repurpose a large container as a rainwater harvesting system. However, make sure to thoroughly clean it and ensure that it is watertight. It is also important to have a cover for the container to prevent debris, mosquitoes, and algae growth. Connecting the gutter to the rainwater harvesting system requires the installation of a collector with a filter to prevent impurities and leaves from entering the system. Adding a small grate or mesh at the entrance of the downspout will also help prevent leaves from clogging the gutter.
Responsible and Sustainable Practices
There are several responsible and sustainable practices you can adopt when installing and using a rainwater harvesting system. Some municipalities offer tax credits or financial assistance for rainwater harvesting systems, so it’s worth checking with your local authorities to see if any incentives are available.
It is important to avoid collecting rainwater from roofs made of lead or fibrocement, as they may contain harmful substances. Ideally, roofs made of tiles, slate, or stone are best for rainwater harvesting.
In the past, rainwater was often directed to combined sewer systems, which could lead to overflow and cause damage to the environment and wastewater treatment plants. Nowadays, many municipalities encourage the disconnection of gutters from the sewer system, allowing rainwater to infiltrate the soil and recharge groundwater and nearby water bodies. To accomplish this, you can redirect the overflow from the rainwater harvesting system to a soakaway, an underground tank, or a vegetated swale.
To further conserve water when irrigating your garden, using a watering can or installing a drip irrigation system (which may require a pump if using water from the rainwater harvesting system) are the most efficient methods. Reusing gray water from your household for garden irrigation can also help reduce your water consumption. Additionally, using mulch to retain moisture and choosing plants adapted to local conditions will minimize water requirements in the long run.
By following these steps, you will be able to successfully install and use a rainwater harvesting system for garden irrigation. Not only will you conserve water and save money, but you will also contribute to a more sustainable future.
